Liberated and society Essay

Some products portrayed women as the traditional housewife like ‘Shake ‘n’ vac’ does with their commercial. However the house used was fairly modern for the time as it had huge windows, which for the time were very modern and the furniture was better than the average shown in television programmes of the time, signifying a middle class house. However the woman in the advert is not middle class but she is portrayed as working class. The woman is portrayed as enjoying doing the housework and when the person purchases the product they too can enjoy doing the housework. During the period of the advert women were portrayed as being able to have a job but the majority were still in the house unemployed and cooking and cleaning. However throughout the large part of the twentieth century women were campaigning to be liberated and society did not agree with this at all. The liberation began in the early part of the twentieth century after the First World War between Christmas 1914 and 1918. The big push came in the nineteen sixties and women started to appear more in advertisements like in the Fairy Liquid advert in the mid-sixties. Women being liberated started a huge difference in the amount of advertising containing women. The graph below shows what happened to women in advertising and as you can see the amount of adverts which contain women steadily goes up.  From about the nineteen eighties onwards women were used as sex objects more unlike previously. For example Lucky Strike used a woman as an upperclass role model, something the men wanted to have and something the women wanted to be. However companies like Milk Tray use women in a more sensual and seductive way. For example when the lady walks out of the shower in a dressing gown whilst drying her hair and finds the box of Milk Tray on her dressing table. As opposed to the Oxo advert in the early nineteen eighties which showed the traditional Mother serving her husband and then later on feeding a whole family. Oxo’s adverts on television have always been long term campaigns, which started off with ‘Katie’ which lasted for eighteen years and then moved onto a family after surveys had been carried out. In the nineties women were used as sex objects to appeal to the male population for the majority of the time unless the product was obviously aimed at women. For example Wonder Bra used a woman to advertise their product however the advertisement may have also captured a small male audience because of the visual aspect of the advert. This is the same for the Round the clock panty hoses, which was unveiled in the late eighties. Many adverts made in the nineteen nineties recognised a niche in marketing when creating their adverts for their campaign, which was aimed at the male population. For example if an advertising campaign were to be aiming at men then they may appeal to their sexual weakness. This is what H(agen-Dazs has done, they have used a good-looking male to appeal to the women and they have used a good-looking female who happens not to be wearing much. The advert also has the hidden meaning of the product being a seductive ice cream. At present day there are many adverts on television usually aged between twenty to on average about thirty-five and also some adverts. Like the direct line car insurance advert for example, which used an over 40, middle class woman because it was the same age range as the advert was targeting. The majority of the adverts which use women without much on are normally found in magazines, which helps the producers to target their audience more effectively, also they have a fair idea of which age range may see them if in magazines instead of on the television. However this is not always the case because some companies may use channels on Sky or Digital which people have to pay for to watch, which again allows the advertisers much more accuracy in who they are targeting. Throughout the last century women in advertising has changed dramatically as well as the way in which advertising occurs through our daily routines. This is a change, which most probably will not stop. Women started off in the beginning of the century as being icons in which men aspired to have and who women aspired to be. Women then changed along with societies opinions and as wars were fought not just abroad but equality for women as well. This liberation led to women appearing more frequently in advertising and appearing more in the work place than they may have done twenty years before. I feel that women in advertising is a good thing because society is equal and therefore women are just as likely to purchase goods as much as men.

EBay Business Ethics

One thing you have to understand is EBay is a company in business to make money. They offer a product that is one of the best in the industry. When Bidders Edge linked EBay’s site to other online auctions they attempted to level the playing field unfairly by letting all of EBay’s competition see what type of pricing is out there. By doing this they gave EBay’s competition an unfair competitive edge to match prices. They also exposed the user names and information of some of EBay’s customers. If EBay made certain changes to their website or the way they do things other auctions on Bidders Edge website could have made those changes as well. This is not like the competition between two grocery stores. If one store matches the prices of another it will not result in situations like computer servers being overloaded or one store putting the other out of business. If Bidders Edge was allowed to cling on to EBay’s website this would have opened doors for many others to do the same and it possibly could have driven EBay out of business or caused them serious profit losses. EBay was within their rights to protect themselves. It would be in your best interest to create your dating site to be unique to your individual clientele. The last thing you want to do is link singles from other sites like eharmony. com to yours. I’m sure if you did this you would be on the wrong end of a similar law suit. Show your individualism and do your own things don’t rely so much on what your competition is doing. Make yourself stand out. When you look at traditional trespass it is an unlawful act causing injury to a person, property, or rights of another. This could be committed with force or violence, actual or applied. This appears to just cover items like furniture or jewelry, or even stock and bonds. This was tricky for the ruling in the State of California because it had to do with communication over the internet. Can you really cause injury over communication via electronic means? This is what EBay had to prove. This is what was different in the state of California from the original definition of traditional trespass. Since Bidders Edge was communicating with EBay’s servers without EBay’s permission they could have caused injury to EBay by impacting their day to day operation. If Bidders Edge won this case other companies would have been able to pick EBay apart. I trust you will use this information wisely when getting your dating site up and running. Good luck in your future endeavors and feel free to email me if you have additional questions.

A Detailed Review Of The American Drama Series, The Son Of Anarchy

A Detailed Review Of The American Drama Series, The Son Of Anarchy When we were given the option to write about any television show we wanted to for this essay I immediately thought of Sons of Anarchy as an automatic go to. I started watching this show back in 2008 and still am tuned into the current and final season this year. I was immediately a fan of this show after hearing about if from my Father. Not really being a fan of many television shows at the time this program stood out to me because of the edgy violence, drug abuse, and gunfights. I think a lot of the being is based upon an outlaw motorcycle gang located in California is enough to pull in any teenage male at the time. As I got older and continued to watch the show I could see that it was more than just a show about action and violence. Especially while taking this class I began to look into the deeper meaning of the episodes and began to watch Youtube videos interviewing the director and cast to get a better understanding of it. I want to present what I believe this program aims to ac hieve and identify itself as, also I want to discuss some of the themes in the show that make it relate to the audience at a personal level. Sure not everybody gets up for work and hops on the motorcycle carrying a pistol for whatever the day may bring. However we all can relate to experiences with family struggles, having a sense of belonging, and standing up against something we might not agree with. These are just a few example of themes that this show presents. There are many more and I could probably write this paper on the entire first season but I will stick to the pilot episode. First, to begin with the technicalities of this show I did some research to learn that this show is shot upon live locations quite a bit however most of the common reoccurring scenes such as the clubhouse, are indeed Hollywood studio sets. This leads me to believe that this show utilizes both single camera and multi camera telefilm studio production techniques. I like how in the beginning of the Pilot episode you are right there on the road with main character Jackson Teller while he rides his bike along the California roads in the early morning. The camera work is all over the place on this show and I think that adds to the action aspect quite a bit as I have noticed since upon watching action shows and films. This show is a product of the convergence era seeing as how it kicked off in 2008, you can stream this show, purchase seasons online, and watch it on your phone if you please. Not only that you can catch previews of the upcoming episodes, aftermath specials with cast, and occa sionally a message from creator Kurt Sutter himself. I think these aspects of the modern era in media really engage the viewer to keep the spirit of the show going after the show is over even. Watching the show for a while you will learn that each episode ties in with the next and there is indeed a set reoccurring cast of the show. I believe it is a episodic serial format for those reasons, I would also like to mention how this show is shot in such a way that you feel that you need to know what happens in the next episode immediately after the current one is over. They leave you with perfectly shot cliff hangers. This also causes me to look at the way this show was shot in its entirety as more of a series of short films. If you put together all of the episodes for each season you could have movies with all of the content covered. Another reason why I absolutely love this show. I think you can enjoy this show really at any age around 16 to 17 and older. Although I would be advised to be 18+ to really understand some of the shows heavy content. When you are watching this show about a gang that deals guns, that are outlaws, that all work at a motorcycle shop you see almost two completely different sides of this family. I call them a family because they are that exactly and some really are related. Clay is the leader of the show, it doesn’t take long that connect him with being the dominant antagonist figure, along with him Gemma is at his side as his lover, she is also the mother of protagonist Jackson Teller. The crew themselves is not clearly defined as good or bad until later episodes reveal alliances towards â€Å"Jax† for short, and Clay. The pilot begins with a conflict that causes other gangs in the area to be involved with the Sons at a business and rivalry revengeful level. They must solve the issue to keep the business of selling guns going but that comes with great costs of risking their lives to do so.Leader of the Sons Clay is considered old school and not afraid to play dirty. Besides all of this going on Jax is expecting a baby boy on the way. Jax presented as a good looking, well-mannered bad boy figure right from the beginning of the pilot, he makes a discovery that changes his outlook on how the club was meant to operate, to keep it short, and this causes him to question the direction of the club. The club is structured as a democracy and there is a President, VP, Treasurer, and so on. They take votes and show respect to the hierarchy of the club. I think it is interesting that despite being outlaws they have order and like Italian mafia for example they show respect to one another until things get dirty! So really there is two stories going on at the same time during the pilot. Both focused on Jax primarily and defiantly and example of hailing him as the good guy. One of more of the gang related lifestyle of Jax and the other more human side of his life with his son being born. I think the reason behind this was to really show the viewer who the main character was as a person in all. Within the episode there are a few example of him standing up and doing the right thing. Jax does not believe in killing people if he doesn’t have to. Clay on the other hand does not think twice about killing of anyone pissed him off. This is just one example. Everyone looks out for each other and family is very important to everyone in the gang, for the most part. The themes he is faces with is what I would like to touch up on next because I find them to be very important to what makes the show able to relate to the audience. The show does reflect the life of badass bikers that drink, smoke, shoot people and deal guns. However these people still face hardships such as family struggles, paying bills, drug abuse, hard justice, and living everyday knowing you could get violently killed. The show clearly presents these people as criminal outlaws however you learn that most of them are good people at heart and have a strong love for family and community. Not many o ther shows present the criminal class of society in this way, nor do they show the concern for family and friends like this show does. What sets this television show aside from others is the mature content it carries yes, but also how values and disclosures are presented to the audience. You begin to see the rise of the good bad guy in a sense with Jax. You feel compassion for him as a young father because of his baby boys struggle for life. You also see him look at things differently to veer away from the gun dealing because he sees the violence it brings and the people involved in it. If I really had to put my finger on one dominant idea expressed by this show it would have to be that there are criminals with hearts that look out for one another, respect their community, and face the same issues normal people face. I think what makes this show great is its sense of identity with the motorcycle gang culture. Everyone looks it and acts it perfectly and does a good job convincing you it is there way of life. You start to establish favorite characters early on and side with them in a sense as things tensions rise. This is why I feel like this show does a great job at connecting to the audience.

PDP Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

PDP - Essay Example With regard to this, the progress review of the professional development plan also has been included in this report. The report thus has the objective of developing a strategic plan for improving my employability and other professional skills. Professional Development Plan The first step in developing a professional development plan is to specifically understand the personal strengths and weaknesses. This requires in depth self analysis. The method that I followed to have a personal analysis is to search for evidences in my personal experiences which proves my strengths and weaknesses. Cross reference of this with peer review could help me arrive at conclusions on my strengths and weaknesses pertaining to both professional and personal excellence. Three key areas for intervention were identified as professional development goals after this analysis. The personal goal which has to be achieved is better Time Management skills. A group work goal which has been identified is improvement in interpersonal skills. In terms of academic goals, my limited mastery over Microsoft Excel can potentially constrain my employability skills. Thus mastering Microsoft Excel has been identified as the academic goal. Self Goal: Time Management A cluster of behavior which facilitates productivity and avoids stress is generally termed to be time management (Lay & Schouwenburg, 1993). In the competitive world of today the importance of time management is being largely realized both in the area of management and also as a psychological requirement for every individual. It has been reported that with the increased pace of life, people are suffering from time pressure. The globalised world has set forth advancements in the area of communication and marketing which has in turn put pressure on the employees, students and individuals in terms of time. My experience while working on tight deadlines has often challenged my time management skills. Procrastination and wrong time estimations have often led to serious issues in terms of both professional and personal commitments. Thus achieving better time management skills has been found as a very important requirement. The pressure to keep deadlines and to deal with increasing work load within the limited time available urges to have scientifically designed time management plans. Researchers have been focusing in this area and there are literature available confirming the impact of time management on different areas including management, education and personal life. It has been confirmed that positive approaches on time management results in effective outcomes in terms of the psychological well being of the individual. This in turn results in positive personal outcomes. The primary approach towards effective time management includes time assessment, goal setting, planning and monitoring (Claessens et al., 2007). Observing oneself while engaging in a particular task and reviewing it both quantitatively and qualitatively in terms of time is the primary step which is referred to as time assessment. This gives precise information on the average time taken for a particular task. For instance, time assessment assesses time taken for the individual to travel from residence to the college or to the office. Similar, time estimations on every task involved in the routine of the individual can be closely done through this process. This would serve as an indicator of the effective time required to undertake a

The foundational topic of economics, demand and supply Term Paper

The foundational topic of economics, demand and supply - Term Paper Example This paper also looks at other topics related to demand and supply in great details like Elasticities, Equilibrium situations and shifts in demand and supply. It should be remembered that purpose of this paper is purely academic and most of the research done is secondary in nature. The market can be defined as an institution or mechanism that brings together buyers and sellers of a particular goods, services or resources in order to determine a price and set equilibrium at the point where the plans of buyer meet the plans of the sellers. From the above point, it is very clear that market equilibrium occurs at price or a point where the buyers are willing to buy a particular quantity of goods at a going market price and similarly sellers are willing to sell the same quantity of the goods at the same price. In simple words, market equilibrium is related to demand and supply. In order to understand the equilibrium situation in detail, let’s first look at the meaning of the terms, demand and supply.

Employees Performance Appraisal Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Employees Performance Appraisal - Coursework Example It makes it easier for the employers to determine the career path for their employees. One of the difference between potential appraisal and performance appraisal is the criterion. The criterion used is to analyze the goals achieved by an employee and what skills he or she currently possesses that could be helpful in indicating the ability of that employee to assume an advanced set of responsibilities. On the other hand, Performance Appraisal refers to the appraisal of the work performed by an employee. Performance appraisal aims at evaluating the employee’s ability to perform the job he is given and whether he has been provided the job in accordance with his potential. Performance appraisal may be performed following a simpler criterion in terms of the quality, quantity, cost and time of the work performed by an employee. Performance appraisal is not future oriented therefore it cannot be used to predict the performance of an employee. Unlike potential appraisal, its purpose is to determine whether the employee has performed satisfactorily. QUESTION 2 Discuss the linkage between â€Å"Potential Appraisal† and â€Å"Career Development†. There is a stable linkage between Potential Appraisal and Career Development. ... The set of skills that are analyzed in the potential appraisal are; communication skills, leadership skills, inter-personal skills, ability to adapt to different scenarios, decision making skills, ability to work as a team and the ability to take initiatives. All these set of skills are highly helpful in the career development of an employee. By analyzing these skills, an employee would know his strengths and weaknesses and it would give him a chance to capitalize on his strengths and to improve his weak skills. In another scenario, if an employee is strong in a particular skill, he would be able to determine his career path based on that skill. For example; a person with strong communication skills can choose marketing as his career. A person with strong leadership skills can develop his career in management. Thus, potential appraisal is linked with the career development of the employees. QUESTION 3 Identify the manager’s main responsibilities when conducting Potential Appra isal. When conducting a potential appraisal, manager should follow the pattern of the appraisal which is the most effective. The manager should formulate the appraisal in such a manner that the purpose of the appraisal is completely achieved. Initially, all the employees whose potential appraisal is to be conducted should be listed by the manager and the manager should conduct the appraisals individually. Another responsibility of the manager is to gather complete information about the employee with regard to his current position and his set of responsibilities. The manager should utilize the results of the performance appraisal to make the potential appraisal more effective. The manager should take into account the performance of the employee in his

Observation essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

Observation - Essay Example He actually calls upon his mother for assistance to keep his sisters out of his room. It is very apparent from how marshal behaves in the morning that he is very quick in doing things. He also seems very impatient. He likes things happening fast and therefore pushes everyone around. He yells to his sisters asking them whether they are ready. Torn between breakfast and going to school, he seems to prefer to forego breakfast. Maybe he is time conscious and would not want to be late for school. Marshal feels proud to be the only man in the house and wants everybody to notice that. Self-assertive people are characterized by a degree of authority in expression of their ideas (Pfeiffer 6). It is not difficult to notice his self-assertiveness as he talks to his sisters. However, he is intelligent enough not to be overly assertive towards his mother. Interestingly, Marshall intelligently gauges every situation and reacts to it appropriately. It does not come by surprise that his attitude varies as he talks to different people. It is not so difficult to notice the way he stri ves to show his authority around the house. He has to hang his jacket or a coat on one of his shoulders and swing around for everyone to see. It is interesting to imagine what kind of a man or a boss he will be when he grows up. Although Marshal is usually impatient, he sometimes calms down and lets natural events take place. Regardless of the hunger, he still sits down and waits to be served with the available food. However, the food is not pleasing to him and he refuses to take it. He has a strong self-drive and would always do what pleases him most which makes him go for tuna and wheat meal instead of served beans and corn bread. Additionally, he confidently asks for ice cream even after refusing to eat the food prepared for family. Although it cannot be claimed that he is so self-centered, he always thinks about himself first. While his sisters

Jonesborough, Tennessee a Community Project Research Paper - 1

Jonesborough, Tennessee a Community Project - Research Paper Example The percentage of the population in Jonesborough with a bachelor’s degree and higher is 25.70%. Over 30% of the population are high school graduates. Over 90% of children 3 years and above attend school. Out of the 2179 households in Jonesborough, there are 1522 household families, 654 households are non-family, 603 are households have children and 1573 households have no children. The average household size in Jonesborough is 2.34. The annual residence turnover in Jonesborough is 16.96% (usa.com, 2010) The median household income for Jonesborough is $44,436. The per capita income is $25,765. In 2012, the unemployment rate in Jonesborough was at 6.3%, which is lower than the national average. The percentage of residents earning an income below the poverty level in Jonesborough is 25.6% a higher percentage compared to the states figure, which is 22.3%. The percentage of children living below the poverty level in Jonesborough is 33.1%. The University of Tennessee reports that al though the number of uninsured adults dropped to 11.2% in 2012, the number of uninsured children in Jonesborough community rose to 2.7% from 2.4%. In Washington County, the average health care cost is $10322. Looking at the health behaviors in Washington County approximately 28% of the adult population smoke, 29% of the adult population are obese, 29% are physically inactive (Countyhealthrankings.org, 2012). In Washington County, the number of premature deaths per 100, 000 of the population is 9028. According to usa.com, the median travel time to work in Jonesborough is 18.84 minutes. Data show less than 1% of the population utilize public transportation. 96% of Jonesborough population drive. Two percent of the population walk or cycle and 1% of the population walk home. The air pollution index of Jonesborough is 105 while its carbon monoxide index is 76. The lead index is 184. Environmentalist rate the good air quality in Jonesborough at 82%.  

Literature ((BRITISH COLONIAZATION IN AFRICA)) Essay

Literature ((BRITISH COLONIAZATION IN AFRICA)) - Essay Example Goods that the British acquired from Igboland were spices, iron, palm products, timber, and elephant tusks, just to name a few. At first, the British were trading at the coast of Africa, but greed motivated them to make their way into Nigeria and take over the Igbo people, exploiting them and their resources in order to gain as much as possible (Litvack, "The Igbo People--Origins and History," 2001). The British colonization of southern Nigeria had a devastating impact on the Igbo people. For one, it caused the clans and the villages to turn against one another. Where there was once unity, there was now dissension, disharmony, and upheaval. Their once familiar way of life was now destroyed, never to be the same again. They were forced to adapt a new way of living, be subject to new rulers, and even adhere to a new religion, which was very much contrary to what they were used to. All of these devastating effects were what was responsible for the breakdown of the Igbo people, as well as the extreme loss of identity and culture (Litvack, "The Igbo People--Origins and History," 2001). Before the British colonists forced their religion upon them, the Igbo followed their traditional tribal religion. They believed in several gods who were led by one God named Chukwu. Chukwu was responsible for the creation of all things, and he was the leader of all of the minor deities. Chukwu was believed to be an almighty and powerful god who was omnipresent. Being that the people held this belief about Chukwu, temples, sanctuaries, symbols, and numerous representations of the god were all throughout the land. Aside from Chukwu, there were minor deities who competed amongst themselves. The minor deities each had their roles. Some punish people for offending the Igbo society, while others made sure people did not take advantage of their privileges. Then there were the gods who controlled the weather, as well as the growth of the crops (Litvack, "Religion and the Igbo People," 2001). Families and villages had their own gods that they adhered to, and each individual person had what was known as a Chi, which was a spirit that was returned to them at death by Chukwu. The Chi could either be good or bad. It was all dependent upon how the person behaved throughout life (Litvack, "Religion and the Igbo People," 2001). The Igbo also believed that the spirits of their deceased family members would watch over them to ensure that nothing bad came upon them and caused them harm. Because of this belief, it was common practice that the people prayed to the dead and asked them to ensure that they had a good and prosperous future. If anyone spoke against one of the deceased people who died an honorable or socially acceptable death, they were violating the law. Those who died in ways that the Igbo felt to be socially acceptable were who they considered as the good spirits that ensured safety and good fortune. That who died in a way that was not acceptable to Igbo society was considered to be the spirits that caused harm and upheaval. Deaths that were considered to be socially unacceptable were mothers dying during labor, babies dying before they had teeth, those who committed suicide and any who died during the sacred month. Multiple births were also considered disgraceful. For instance, if a mother concei ved twins or more, those babies were left to die

Critically appraise the extent to which an understanding of cultural Essay

Critically appraise the extent to which an understanding of cultural differences can assist in managing people in the workplace - Essay Example This paper will critically appraise the extent to which an understanding of cultural differences can assist in managing people in the workplace. There has been a good definition of culture in the above first chapter. It is important to note that culture is either generic culture or local culture (Alatas, 2009). Generic culture consists of shared culture among people in the world, whereas local culture entails schemas that are shared by the only specific social group in this world (Alatas, 2009). Globalization has made this world a global village. In broader terms, globalization has brought people in this world closer. That said, people from different parts of the world have found themselves working together in the same corporations. This is very interesting because it seems hard to deal with people from different cultures. It requires deeper understanding of cultural diversities such as things not to say to people from different cultures, and the ways of communication (Calveley, 2015). A good understanding of cultural diversities by managers will make it easy for them to motivate employees, structuring strategies, and implementing important strategies. As noted in a study by Connaughton (2007), there are many levels where culture works. The first level is national level. Here, the unconscious values of people bring the difference in national culture. These values are taught when people are young. National culture is normally stable but changes afterward in the practices, but the unconscious values do not change (Connaughton, 2007). The second level is organizational level. Here, the level of practices is the one that brings the difference and are often manageable. Organizational cultures usually differ from one company to another, but the firms need to be operating in the same country (Connaughton, 2007). The third is occupational level. This lies between organizational and national cultures. For example, entering an occupation such as service in the

Night of the scorpion (page 9) Essay Example for Free

Night of the scorpion (page 9) Essay Question: compare the ways people are presented in the Night of the scorpion (page 9) with the ways people are presented in one other poem of your choice from the poems form different cultures, * Who the people are * What you find out about the people * Similarities between the methods the poet use to present the people * Differences between the methods the poets use to present the people * What you think about the people and how they are presented. People are at the central of some poems as some of the poets are interested with the society and the attitudes towards the people on how they treat each other. On the other hand, sometimes people live completely different lifestyles from one and another. Others are interested in the people who are on their own and get on things individually. As you can see, that in the anthology of the poems from different cultures, people are presented in many different ways. The local people in Night of the scorpion believe in reincarnation as its set in a Hindu community. Though the child is scared and confused by the religious response due to his mothers sting from the scorpion. In contrast Island man describes how an immigrant in London reacts to his environment as he dreams of his Caribbean home. Night of the scorpion uses structure to show the sense of panic in the villagers reactions. Its two stanzas long the first stanza with 45 lines and the second stanza with only 3 lines. The final three lines are separated from the rest of the poem as its about the mothers calm unselfish reaction. Its separate because its a clear contrast to the panic in the first stanza of the poem. Island man uses structure to show the confused thoughts of the awaked man. There is no punctuation the line lengths vary and some phrases are misplaced, just like this individual line is, He always comes back groggily groggily. The poetic devises used in he poems differ to show the different ways people are presented. Night of the scorpion is written in the first person, which is from the Childs point of view, but hes an outsider throughout the poem and he cant affect anything. There is a simile used as well, the peasants came like swarms of flies and buzzed the name of God hundred times. The simile makes the villagers seem really panicked. Also there is the use of repetition of the word may as it makes it sound like a prayer, but when having the same word at start of so many lines makes this reaction seem repetitive and unthinking. They said is also repeated at the end of many lines. In contrast, the poetic devises used in Island man are limited. As it shows the confusion of that the character is going through. The reader gets a series of contrasting images for example the sound of the blue surf of the Caribbean, which conflicts, with the Grey metallic soar of London. The word wombing suggests the sense the dream has on his emerald island. Both poets show how the people feel in their different situations and give us their own view. The poet in Night of the scorpion is frightened by what is happening but admits his mums courage. Though Ezekiel seems critical of religion, the ceremonial language and all that talk of the next life seems unhelpful and premature. The feelings revealed in Island man obviously has fond memories of the Caribbean but represent his dull London. We can feel his depression as he heaves himself to Another London day. Grace Nicholas has sympathy for this man as he feels the conflict of these two cultures. Finally, Night of the scorpion has made me feel that believing in god could always be a solution to the problem also it has made me aware of the people around me who can help me in such difficulties I am struggling with. Though Island man has made me aware of how it might feel to be trapped in a foreign country, which you are not too familiar with. Both poems have made me hope that in the future, if I am in trouble or I am home sick then I can count on the society who will always be there to support me.

Thinking Critically †Poverty and Happiness Essay Example for Free

Thinking Critically – Poverty and Happiness Essay This paper takes the position that poverty is not necessarily equated with lack of happiness. Arguments supportive of this thesis are presented in this paper while being balance by arguments of the opposite view but with counter arguments to strengthen the position taken. One of best arguments that could be forwarded in support of the proposition taken is that people from poor countries are happier than from wealthier countries. While almost countries want to have economic progress as a battle cry of globalization, it may not necessarily mean that countries are also seeking happiness after. It could be misleading to argue that wealth is synonymous with happiness or expressed the other way, that poverty is synonymous with lack of happiness. The first argument to show lack of relationship between wealth and happiness is the higher incidents of suicides among richer countries than those from poor countries. If one compares a poor country like Philippines compared with richer countries like Singapore, Japan, Australia and US, one could just see there are more people committing suicides in richer countries despite the higher standard of living from the latter countries (WHO, 2008). If economic well being is an assurance of happier well being then why is the big difference in the number of deaths by suicides? Suicide is a voluntary or self inflicted and said event is a manifestation of lack of happiness. Psychologists would agree that happiness is difficult to measure but they would not disagree that suicide is a proof of lack of happiness and willingness to continue in life. It can be argued that the pressure to acquire more material wealth in more developed countries has created its own consequences. To cite an example, Singapore’s rapid economic success appears to have its social cost as a price. Life in said country has become a rat race for people who cannot just easily acquire resources for living as others. Think Centre (2007) cited the fear of being retrenched in job as a result of restructuring that could push the person to commit suicide. Singapore is noted to have a suicide rate higher than country like Thailand when life is reported to be much more comfortable in Singapore (Think Centre, 2007) . What could explain these things are the facts that the Singaporeans tend be striving harder, less tolerant of failures and overly materialistic (Think Centre, 2007). Given this situation it would be easy to establish the lack of connection between wealth (or poverty) and happiness (or lack of it). As a result of high-pressure living, the economic growth has not spread happiness to all hard-pressed Singaporeans. Many citizens do not have retirement savings and have been advised to work beyond 765 years to survive in this expensive city (Think Centre, 2007). Blinkered Thinker,( n. d) cited the case of the southeast Asian country of Myanmar , which borders Bangladesh, India, China, and Thailand, and which is among the poorest countries on the globe. Poverty was indeed found in Yangon as well as Myanmar but people in said places are noted to be the most hospitable and helpful tourist on earth with their smiles beating those of Thailand. It was therefore admitted that wealth can â€Å"reduce privation and some of the unnecessary sources of unhappiness, but happiness is a mood and not an economic state. † (Blinkered Thinker, n. d. ) This again confirms earlier statement that wealth is economic while happiness is social. It was however observed that in Myanmar that about 85% of the Burmese (Myanmar) people practice a form of Buddhism, which teaches that people happiness is attainable only by forsaking worldly desires (Blinkered Thinker, n. d. ). In this sense, materialism has become a contradiction of happiness. Zhang (2005) has argued that economics has failed to address this one fundamental issue until this very day. The author argued that â€Å"happiness† depends not so much on absolute wealth as relative wealth. There appears to be trade off actually between happiness and wealth as people would do more work for increase in wages but they will receive less leisure in return (Zhang, 2005). This could be easy to understand as wealth is material while happiness is social (Zhang, 2005), thus, thus the two need not go together. What is said by one person that he or she is happy does not necessarily mean what is really meant. Asking a person on whether he or she is happy may not necessarily give the correct answer as one could lie to hide guilt or deny the miserable feeling inside. In response to a study which tries to show a correlation between happiness and wealth (Wolfers, 2008), Arthur Engel, a blogger, who is a psychoanalyst from Brazil pointed out the difference between being happy and saying that one is happy. In admitting about the difficulty of measuring whether someone is happy or not, he criticized the method of asking respondent as not a good method to find out happiness. The blogger was saying that the respondent could always lie to cover up something and that there are just many factors that could influence the answers. The claim that a wealthier person is a happier, cannot therefore easily be accepted (Wolfers, 2008). The same blogger however posited that one who watches a documentary about poverty in Africa, or about rape victims, cancer hospitals, etc. may indeed find himself happier than those persons in Africa. The difficulty of measuring happiness is still there so what one feels for the seeming unfortunate people may not actually be felt by these people. But in realizing that if the suicide indices are used as measures, he agreed that â€Å"suicide is something almost exclusively committed by rich people. † (Wolfers, 2008) Another argument that would show the lack of relationship between poverty (or wealth) happiness (or lack of it) is the fact that lack of happiness could be a lot for both the rich and the poor. Another blogger to that economics of happiness reacted by quoting Herodotus who said, â€Å"Call no man happy until he is dead. † Expressing his disbelief of the analysis, because of bad methodology, vague terminology, too-eager conclusions, and failure to mention contradictory studies, which is believer to be many, the blogger was confirming the absence of relationship between wealth and happiness. This latter blogger however realized that the misery of having money worries which can seep into and poison every aspect of one’s life. She therefore admitted having enough money so that one does not have to worry, can really help but beyond that, she does not see any reason to believe, based on personal experience, that people with lots of money are that much happier than people with adequate money (Wolfers, 2008). On other point of view, it may be argued that wealthier people are happier people. Wolfers (2008) presented a paper that shows a correlation between happiness and wealth which was claimed to be the result of studies across countries in a number of periods. It could however be argued statistically that correlation is not the same causality. If applied to this case, there is no proof that happiness is causing people to become wealthy or that wealthier people are happier as result of better wealth. Moreover the responses were direct answers which may not really be reflective of the truth as respondents could always lie to hide some guilt. Since it is very hard to measure happiness, the result of the study could just not he held valid. It may be further argued that since everybody as a rule wants to be wealthy, should it not mean that happiness is desired as an effect? Everybody may just want to satisfy a need which cannot be misinterpreted as wanting to become wealthy but the result need not be happiness always. A human being is borne to have needs and that he or she has all the right to prepare for the future. There however is limit to what money can buy. It cannot buy a good sleep although it may be able to buy a good bed. I can buy amusement but it cannot buy happiness. It can be concluded that poverty and happiness belong to different realms. Although a correlation may be established between the two concepts, the relationship need not be causative as there other factors that must be considered including the manner in which happiness is measured. In certain cases, poverty may bring simplicity of attaining one’s satisfaction of one’s need and hence the struggle to have more is reduced and this could mean greater acceptability for events that are happening in one’s life. To have wealth is however not bad even in the absence of its necessary relation to happiness. Man is both material and social whereby he needs both material things and but at the end of the day, happiness appears to be ultimate desire of all people. If becoming wealthy or avoiding poverty is believed to be the means to attain happiness, the same should be respected as happiness is also personal and therefore a choice to be made. References: Blinkered Thinker (n. d) Poverty Equals Happiness? , {www document} URL, http://blinkeredthinker. com/2006/12/20/169/, Accessed May 2, 2008 Think Centre (2007) Suicide rate climbs despite good times (Insight Down South), {www document} URL http://www. thinkcentre. org/article. cfm?ArticleID=2877 , Accessed May 2, 2008 WHO (2008) Suicide Rates per 100, 000, {www document} URL http://www. who. int/mental_health/prevention/suicide/suiciderates/en/, Accessed May 2, 2008 Wolfers (2008) The Economics of Happiness, Part 4: Are Rich People Happier than Poor People? , New York Times {www document} URL,http://freakonomics. blogs. nytimes. com/2008/04/22/the-economics-of-happiness-part-4-are-rich-people-happier-than-poor-people/, Accessed May 2, 2008 Xianhang Zhang (2005) Poverty and Happiness, {www document} URL, http://www. mail-archive. com/[emailprotected] gmu. edu/msg00806. html, Accessed May 2, 2008

Habits Of Highly Effective People Philosophy Essay

Habits Of Highly Effective People Philosophy Essay Reading this inspiring book I have discovered that to achieve the highest level of self-discipline we need to have 7 habits. By saying habits it means these 7 behaviours pattern must form our everyday pattern of behaviour no exception. This book has opened my eyes on some fundamental facts or habits that shall make me a successful person and achieve high personal achievement. Be more confident on taking decisions and reflect on my strength and weaknesses. The book talks about habits that most effective have them and that made them successful. He said that we make habits and then habits make. We are what we repeatedly do. (Aristotle) Ashe is talking about leadership he mentioned that leadership precedes management. The difference between management and leadership is that management is formal authority while leadership is Moral Authority. Overall the book was interesting and I would like to comment on the main topics covered in the book. The Maturity Continuum is in three steps Dependence This is personal achievement Habits 1, 2, 3 Interdependence This is public achievement-Habits 4, 5, 6 Interdependence-Habit 7 In maturity continuum at dependence stage it is YOU, in independence stage it is I and in interdependence stage it is WE. These are the stages of perfection and optimization that a successful leader should achieve. Habit1. Be Proactive In habit 1 the author is suggesting that one shall be proactive and not reactive. He introduced 3 values in life: the experiential which comes through experiments, creative which come by our creation attitudinal which reflects our response to different situations. By being proactive I can read the surroundings and react upon things by facing the facts but with our own power and control we can response positively. I liked the way he talks about using our energy and power of influence in the right circle. He calls it the circle of influence and the circle of interest. In the circle of influence we have the power to change things but in the circle of interest we may not have the power of change, by concentrating on circle of interest we are just losing our power without we can make any changes; this is not the case if we concentrate on our circle of influence. In proactive approach we make mistakes, acknowledge and correct them. Being in our influence circle is all about proactive. Human Endowments Exercise human endowments imagination and conscience keep promise start small start with yourself never promise too big and deliver too low strong independent will is much inner power swim upstream Become transitional Stop transmitting negative actions of others Be true proactive , not reactive Influence others by my behaviour Make a space between Stimulant and Response so there is a gap for thinking Have principles We have the freedom of choice so we are responsible on our actions Paradigms I take responsibility of my action and choice I am capable of expanding my freedom and influence by proactive behaviour Having the above traits, the process Any reactive tendency I have , I change it to proactive I increase my circle of influence To become transition person so I benefit and others Exercise human endowments mentioned up Habit2. Begin With the End in Mind Focussing on goals is what we always need to do. Our personality has 3 different leadership qualities leadership management productivity Covey quotation in his book from Peter Drucker and Warren Bennis, management is doing things right, Leadership is doing the right things (1).This statement was so powerful and straight to the point which tells all about leadership in very simple and profound words. With the goal in mind we can design the start and focus on our goal and get the results we imagined. He suggests that we visualize things and focus on them so they interweave with our life experience. Things can go as we imagined because we put energy and focus on them and make things happen. I liked the author words mental creation precedes physical creation Effective people shape their own future Use whole brain (left and right) Have a personal mission statement, do incremental changes to the goal but dont change the core. Personal mission statement should answer the questions: What I am about? What do I leave behind? What characters Id like to emulate? What are the important I want? How I can use the right brain? And so on the list goes on. Benefits By doing this it encourages you to think deeply about your life, discover our inside thinking, expands perspective, visualise our goals desires and being the auto pilot to be on the right track. Refining By studying the lives of people we admire we can refine our mission statement Read poetry and inspiring literature Keep a list of trait s characters you like to develop Visualise what u want to be in 10, 20, 30 yrs. List the important things Testing mission values Timeless proven Represent the best inside me Inspire me the right direction Security and comfort to me approach and integrate the 4 basic human needs For example we should reflect upon Mahatma Ghandi mission of every day: I shall not fear any one on earth I shall fear only god I shall not bear ill toward any one I shall not submit to injustice from anyone I shall conquer untruth by truth And in resisting untruth, I shall put up with all suffering Process Create and apply daily living personal and organisational mission statement Envision the desired results and important values to guide activities. Anyone cannot do the right thing in one part of life while he is doing wrong things in any other parts, because life is one invisible whole (Ghandi) Summary of this part is: Choose a life centre Personal mission statement Habit3. Put First Things First So when you want to do something, plan, design and do it. By using calendar and notes list diaries we organise things and put priority on them .we cannot control time but we can manage our or organise ourselves to do tasks. The tasks can be classified in 3 different priorities: Urgent, Important, Not important. I Important and urgent II Important and not urgent III Urgent and not important IV Not urgent and not important We will make things bigger and bigger till it will dominate us and absorb our power by only focusing on Quadrant IQI in the table because it is urgent. The most important one is QII. Effective people are more interested in QII. They do not act in III and IV which are not important and stay in I and II but give more time to II and make I smaller Effective people do their time management by focusing on activities in QII because they are important and those activities have big impact in our life, so we must focus on them. Effective managers focus on results and not on methods so subordinates can choose the method and by this approach best results can be achieved because the subordinate have come up with their own visions or means to do it; it is their visions and not somebody elses. Treat a man as he is and he will remain as he is. Treat a man as he can and he will become as he can and should be (1) We only need time management to organise ourselves to do tasks. Time management can be looked at from three different angles -we believe that we need more timeà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦..but you have all the time is there -we believe that we can save timeà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦..time is equally given to all and we have to spend it -we believe that we can manage timeà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦. We can manage ourselves not time This simple comparison show how thinking has changed Old generation new generation Efficiency effectiveness Practices principles Management Leadership Schedule Relationship Urgent things First Things In control Illusion In Alignment I liked the way the author talked about building emotion bank account. It is a brilliant idea to gauge our account statement and see where the pluses and minuses, i.e. the deposit and withdrawal. He said that to build emotion account we basically have six major deposits, when we do negative things we withdraw from the account and when we do positive things we deposit the account. These deposits and withdrawal are our actions. Examples of deposits that we can make are by: 1. I see what is important for the other person and make it important to me also 2. I attend to small things that are seeing big things to the other to strengthen the relations 3. I keep promise, by not committing to fulfil; it is a big withdraw 4. I must clarify expectations. The author says this is the most damaging part of relations. Explain the role, term and goal. By clearing this upfront, it will save much of time and effort later. 5. I show personal humour and integrity. Be consistent when dealing with groups or individuals. The author says that you must remember how you treat one is how you treat the all others because all is the sum of ones 6. I should apologize when do mistake sincerely and it will be deposit. Priorities The most important things should come first before the less important Improve product/product capacity balance within my circle of influence I fulfil my mission by acting on important Goals in my key roles. Process Focus on important things and NO to unimportant things. Focus on QII activities and gradually Q1 activities will be covered or merged in QII, QIII and QIV will go away. Habit4. Think Win-Win Human relations based on one of these transactions: Win-Win both mutual benefit Win-Lose it is competition if I win you must lose and the relation is authoritarian Lose-Win the leadership is permissive Lose-lose when people try to make others lose even if they lose Win Win-Win or No Deal Win-Win both parties are winners or no deal and no loser. This is the beginning of relations and if no benefit then not a deal once in relation after some time the parties move to Win-Win if they have built the trust. Four dimension of Win-Win: Character: integrity, maturity, abundance mentality Relationships: demonstrate honesty, loyalty Believe in the best of others, clear expectation, accurate in time and honest in communications, treat others with respect and respond to their needs, focus on positive and use feedback for improvements. Agreements: desire results, guidelines, resources, accountability , consequences- achieve win-win or not Systems Processes Persist on looking for win-win results despite the past win-lose condition. Principles Effective long term relationship require mutual benefit I seek the benefit of others as well as my own I get better results by cooperating interdependently that by competing independently Win-Win relations should be focused on win-win with trust. Performance agreement will define the relation and it will be from vertical to horizontal where partnership or team work. the agreement set standards where people measure their performance: define the results, parameters Resources-human, financial, organisation support Accountability the time and standards Consequences what will happen Reward is very important system in Win-Win. If reward is used in win-lose, the system will have negative effect. If rewarded few in the Win-Win system, others are losers .Best is to set individual goals within the overall win goals so all can get rewarded. In competitive market win-win situation should be existed to make win-win to all participants but lack of confidence and trust is the main culprit. Win-Win is a third alternative, it is not my not your way but it is a better way. Habit5. First Understand, then be understood The beauty of this part lies in the art of listening. Which is very important element in gaining the hearts of the others and I believe it is on the top list of communications skills. We tend to prescribe things before listening deeply to the problem and diagnose what is needed. Be a good listener is a key to success. We listen not just for listening but to deeply understand the other party frame of reference and feelings. Listen with ears eyes and heart. Diagnose before prescribe things is not a professional approach. Understand what the customer needs is and give solutions. Amateur salesperson sells product BUT professional salesperson sales SOLUTIONS. Listen not by mouth. Listen to give answer. Listen with ears eyes heart In 75% of waking life, we learn reading, writing, speaking and listening.40% is listening alone. Every hour of understanding save 10/20/50 hours of problem solving arise from not understanding. Empathy listening is the key to the art of listening. Words we say represent 7%, nonverbal body language is 38%, the way we say words (emphasis) and sounds we make is 55% of the speech. So communication is seeing and feelings. It is mainly attitude and partly skills. The one who listens does most of the work not the one who speaks. Everyone is single and unique who will listen then? It is said that walls have ears. However some ears have walls. These words were very powerful on me and I have reflected upon them for a while. They are so true and profound and full of wisdom. Habit6. Synergise Simply it means all or total is greater than the sum of the parts or ones. Its value comes from valuing each other competencies and differences respect them and try to complement each other hence we get the complete picture which individually cannot be completed because o these differences and weaknesses. Cooperation builds trust and needs to interweave with each other. By having synergy mission it will be part of every body mind and heart and not individual concern when it is made by others. Ground rules for synergy try to adopt win-win way of thinking and mentality keep your heart, mind open to new alternatives and possibilities appreciate and respect value others opinions, views, and solutions The third alternative Negotiate and communicate till find a solution that we all feel good about It is not my way nor your way it sis the a better way We both can be right but we dont agree I must listen and if I dont agree I say: this is how I see it, not you are wrong Humility-I have my own experience though a life trials and errors. Take the others experience that took them a lifetime of understanding as a gift given to you for free. The main drive for synergetic approach is answering the question: Would you be willing to explore a solution which might be better than what we suggest? The principles of synergy are: Valuing differences of others and looking for a third alternative Doing work together takes time but produce better long term results Human problems can be solved by using habits 4, 5, 6, Habit7. Sharpen the Saw The principles of balance self-renewal You should work in a proactive way as mentioned before in the QII quadrant to refresh the dimension of ourselves physically, mentally, spiritually and socially. Live-Physical, basic wealth Lovesocial LearnMental Leave a legacyspiritual These when integrated they produce Fire Within Four dimensions of renewal Physical This is concerned about physical wellbeing by good eating and having good sleep and relaxation with exercise, stress management, sleep and rest, regular medical check-ups healthy habits and lifestyle. Spiritual Is inside us and it is a self-monitoring commitment to our values and it drives us by giving inspiration and uplifting to deal with human beings Create mission, review and refine Watch nature and reflect Study literature of great people Appreciate music and art Religious worship, yoga and meditation Mental dimension Keep the mind always fresh and sharp- with all the knowledge by reading writing planning and open mind to others to get new ideas. Read and read and read he says 12 books a year. Most professions have half-life of 4 years. Solve puzzles, play mental games, continue education, listen to music, be aware of TV it can be an open sewer into your home. These are the suggestions of the author and I completely agree with him. Social/emotional It is showing by our interactions with others and how we focus on them. Keep family relations, keep old friendship and find new friends, keep good relations and repair damage, value differences and look for synergy, take holiday and celebrate, take each family member in a date, write letters to family and friends. The four dimensions have to be refreshed and renewed together and if one is not looked after then the whole is affected. The process of synergising Apply Win-Win way of thinking-habit 4 Listen with empathy-habit 5 Seek synergic outcome- habit 6 Then use the synergy rules to find the third alternative Life changes continuously, keep core intact and deal with changes. Your centre is a source of security, guidance, wisdom and power. The real improvement is by renewal of all the four dimensions, physical, social. Set goals and work to achieve those dimensions renewal goals. The process is achieved by constantly developing and renewing of these personal dimensions (resources) to achieve better personal (product) and balance. Some quotes; Strength lies in differences, not in similarities The key of objectivity is to accept subjectivity I dont see the worlds as it is, I see is as I am The enemy of the Best is the good unknown. 7. Sharpen the Saw Be proactive and accepts risk to take new challenge Begin with the end in mind share team vision and mission First things are the things that are most important, they come first Think win-win increase group momentum and bring effective solutions to conflicts Seek understand first so u be understood and successfully resolve problems Synergy by engaging everybody can get better results and complement each other Renew and refresh your four personal dimensions continuously to protect them from burn-out Final Quotes: Become my leader although I a m your boss Production is golden egg, capability is goose

The Triangle Shirtwaist Fire of 1911 :: United States History Work Safety Essays

The Triangle Shirtwaist Fire of 1911 275 girls started to collect their belongings as they were leaving work at 4:45 PM on Saturday. Within twenty minutes some of girls' charred bodies were lined up along the East Side of Greene Street. Those girls who flung themselves from the ninth floor were merely covered with tarpaulins where they hit the concrete. The Bellevue morgue was overrun with bodies and a makeshift morgue was set up on the adjoining pier on the East River. Hundred's of parents and family members came to identify their lost loved ones. 146 employees of the Triangle Shirtwaist Company were dead the night of March 25, 1911. The horror of their deaths led to numerous changes in occupational safety standards that currently ensure the safety of workers today. At the time of the fire the only safety measures available for the workers were 27 buckets of water and a fire escape that would collapse when people tried to use them. Most of the doors were locked and those that were not locked only opened inwards and were effectively held shut by the onrush of workers escaping the fire. As the clothing materials feed the fire workers tried to escape anyway they could. 25 passengers flung themselves down the elevator shaft trying to escape the fire. Their bodies rained blood and coins down onto the employees who made it into the elevator cars. Engine Company 72 and 33 were the first on the scene. To add to the already bleak situation the water streams from their hoses could only reach the 7th floor. Their ladders could only reach between the 6th and 7th floor. 19 bodies were found charred against the locked doors. 25 bodies were found huddled in a cloakroom. These deaths, although horrible, was not what changed the feelings toward government regula tion. Upon finding that they could not use the doors to escape and the fire burning at their clothes and hair, the girls of the Triangle Shirtwaist Company, aged mostly between 13 and 23 years of age, jumped 9 stories to their death. One after another the girls jumped to their deaths on the concrete over one hundred of feet below. Sometimes the girls jumped three and four at a time. On lookers watched in horror as body after body fell to the earth. "Thud -- dead; thud -- dead; thud -- dead; thud -- dead.

How will an awareness of psychoanalytic theory impact on your work in a

  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Psychoanalysis presumes that a good understanding of development requires analyzing the symbolic meanings of behavior and the deep inner workings of the mind. It places a huge emphasis on the unconscious and how the unconscious is the precursor to human development. The level of awareness that I possess of psychoanalytic theory would impact my performance in the classroom only if I act on my understanding in a proactive manner. I believe it was Socrates who said that a teacher is one who not only has an understanding of subject, but is one who has the ability to teach it. And an elementary school teacher has a special responsibility in not only the intellectual, but the social development of his student. Using psychoanalysis is beneficial in seeing symbolic... How will an awareness of psychoanalytic theory impact on your work in a   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Psychoanalysis presumes that a good understanding of development requires analyzing the symbolic meanings of behavior and the deep inner workings of the mind. It places a huge emphasis on the unconscious and how the unconscious is the precursor to human development. The level of awareness that I possess of psychoanalytic theory would impact my performance in the classroom only if I act on my understanding in a proactive manner. I believe it was Socrates who said that a teacher is one who not only has an understanding of subject, but is one who has the ability to teach it. And an elementary school teacher has a special responsibility in not only the intellectual, but the social development of his student. Using psychoanalysis is beneficial in seeing symbolic...

Becoming a Prison Officer :: Papers

It's a tough job with unsociable hours, rare contact with the outside world and a less than impressive pay package. So why would anyone want to be a prison officer? I am asked to place my coat and bag in a small cloakroom area, and am ushered to a small room where my pockets are searched and body is frisked. I find this 'procedure' quite uncomfortable, but think myself lucky that these rigorous checks aren't performed everyday. I am given a white sticker with 'visitor' on it and am promptly told to 'wear it at all times' so I can be easily identified. I am let through a series of grey cold steel doors, opened by a large bunch of jangling keys and am greeted by the prison officer I have come to interview with a firm, almost predictable handshake. Carol Tomlin has been a prison officer at Bournemouth Magistrates Court for thirteen years. She works in twelve hour shifts, five, possibly six times a week in the 'cells' in the basement of the court. Her only interaction is with the prisoners themselves and her fellow officers. " Sometimes I don't see daylight all week, by the time I leave work its dark outside and when I get up its also dark-it can be quite a strain". To look at Carol you wouldn't think that her job was a 'strain'. She is far removed from the stereotypical prison officer that is synonymous with polished black boots and a stern air of authority. She has long blonde hair that is neatly tied up with a red flower hair band. She is tall at 6ft, but not overpowering, as her smile and welcoming stance assures. Her bright blue and pink make-up mirrors her personality and enthusiasm for the job she calls 'her life and her passion'. "The job is hard, but I do love it, you get a great deal of job satisfaction when you have helped somebody with a problem. Whether that means getting through to someone about their drug addiction, or

Twelfth Night: Interpretations Through the Directors Staging

Twelfth Night: Interpretations through the Directors Staging Antonio: I could not stay behind you: my desire, More sharp than filed steel, did spur me forth; And not all love to see you, though so much As might have drawn one to a longer voyage, But jealousy what might befall your travel, Being skilless in these parts; which to a stranger, Unguided and unfriended, often prove Rough and unhospitable: my willing love, The rather by these arguments of fear, Set forth in your pursuit. (Twelfth Night, 3. 3. 6-16)For hundreds of years people from all over the world have seen the works of William Shakespeare performed by thousands of actors. Twelfth Night or What you Will is but one of the many comedies written by William Shakespeare that have been produced in many formats, from theater, television and even several feature films. So many different productions of the same works have opened the door to directors adding their own twist to the original script to make it their own. One play can be performed countless different ways, from very conservative or to unconventional depending on the director’s interpretation and intentions.So all writings are open for creative interpretation thus being for this paper I am going to focus on the directorial staging of this play and how the staging and direction brought the focus of the subplot of Antonio and Sebastian into a homoerotic relationship opposed to other renditions of Twelfth Night that were homosocial. Directors have creatively reconstructed these plays pulling from the era, the popular ideology of the community and political correctness at the times the different styles and interpretations so that Shakespeare can be adapted to the current times.My most recent exposure to the Shakespeare is Twelfth Night as it was performed in Ashland, Oregon, during the 2010 Shakespeare Festival, directed by Darko Tresnjak. The design and style of the set design and costumed was reminiscent of the movie Mozart in the play bill t he director did mention that this movie did give him some inspiration for these choices. The white costumes of the Dukes court. The season was summery with no hint of the holidays, no Christmas ornamentation. The actors who played Sebastian and Antonio with the direction from the director acted out the relationship between them as overly homosexual, as if they were lovers.Antonio was far more feminine and flamboyant (similar to the role played by Johnny Depp in the movie Pirates of the Carrabin) and Sebastian was more masculine. I think the director used this opportunity to emphasize this aspect of our modern American homosexual subculture. I think the director wanted to reflect upon homosexuality in America currently instead of the over emphasized the traditional comedic element of cross dressing and mischievous misrepresentation of the sexes that has been a popular and humorous way to perform Shakespeare’s plays.True this play has homoerotic elements in it that hundreds of years ago were considered humor, cross dressing, falling in love with a â€Å"perception† of what is not what you perceive. This was recreated in several comedies during this time. At the time this was written for popular entertainment to be funny and absurd. A romantic comedy where someone falls in love with an illusion and is made to look foolish is an underlying theme in many comedies of the time.The director in the Ashland example defiantly imposes the ideology of modern homosexuality into this version of Twelfth Night. This becomes evident in Act 2, Scene 1 (2. 1. 1-52); â€Å"†¦ ANTONIO: If you will not murder me for my love, let me be your servant. SEBASTIAN: If you will not undo what you have done, that is, kill him whom you have recovered, desire it not. Fare ye well at once: my bosom is full of kindness, and I am yet so near the manners of my mother, that upon the least occasion more mine eyes will tell tales of me. I am bound to the Count Orsino's court: fare well.Exit†¦. † Because the director in the Ashland production had the actor playing Antonio over emphasize his lines in this part of the scene and seam to beg Sebastian as a lover. I would like to introduce two other performances of Twelfth Night that I have selected for this paper, on top of the live performance in Ashland, two other performances of Twelfth Night to exhibit the different ways directors can creatively interpret Shakespeare through the staging and direction to intertwine modern ideas and ideology through their direction, making it relevant for today.I am using a BBC television performance and an American film and I have decided to focus on the characters of Sebastian and Antonio in all three performances to compare the director’s style and depiction of this relationship, of these two, and to see the effect on the whole production. Second I want to introduce an example from the American produced feature film of Twelfth Night or What you Will (Nunn) f rom Fine Line Features Presents a Renaissance Film, directed by Trevor Nunn run time 134min.The actors who played Sebastian and Antonio, under the directors guidance, created a relationship between these two men that suggested a fatherly bond as if Antonio, who saved Sebastian from the ocean, became a surrogate father to this young man Sebastian, who has lost his sister and father. Of all the versions this particular depiction made the most sense and really brought the words to life between these two. Antonio in Act 5, reaction became so believable first the betrayal and confusion with Cesario (Viola) response of not knowing him and then later when Sebastian enters onto the stage, Antonio’s comments on both of them.Act 5 (5. 257-277) â€Å"†¦ANTONIO: Sebastian are you? SEBASTIAN: Fear'st thou that, Antonio? ANTONIO: How have you made division of yourself? An apple, cleft in two, is not more twin than these two creatures. Which is Sebastian?†¦ † I found the pe rformance of the actor who played Antonio as a genuine caring father type to be accurate and in this moment the film captures the disbelief of a man who is seeing a mirror image of his own child. This is what made the words of Shakespeare come alive and gave a hint of truth to this unbelievable tale.This is why I believe that this particular twist is more believable and follows more closely to what the original production would have suggested. The third performance I am introducing is the British production by a Renaissance Theatre Production of Twelfth Night or What you Will A&E, Thames Television in association with the BBC television production directed by Kenneth Branagh run time 165min. the setting of this production was late 1800’s in depth of winter with snow and wind and barren trees, almost on the brink of spring.The director kept in pace with the title of the play by having a Christmas tree, and other holiday novelties. The actors who played Sebastian and Antonio in this production, were staged and directed in the relationship between them as â€Å"sportsmen†, as if they had become best sportsman like friends â€Å"Good Chaps† in the intonations the director has obviously instructed the actors to play down the dialogue that leave a hint of homosocial relationship. This is evident in the way that the end of ACT 2 (2. 1. -52); â€Å"SEBASTIAN: If you will not undo what you have done, that is, kill him whom you have recovered, desire it not. Fare ye well at once: my bosom is full of kindness, and I am yet so near the manners of my mother, that upon the least occasion more mine eyes will tell tales of me. I am bound to the Count Orsino's court: farewell. Exit (this was spoken up beat and as if he was going to a sporting event. ) ANTONIO: The gentleness of all the gods goes with thee! I have many enemies in Orsino's court; else would I very shortly see thee there. This was spoken with a challenge and boisterous. ) But, come what may, I do adore thee so, (this phrase was almost whispered as if it was a second thought. ) That danger shall seem sport, and I will go. Exit† (the last statement before his exit was stated as if he was embarking on an adventure. ) the way that this was performed by the actor who played Antonio played up the masculine and down played the tenderness. This being a British production the topic of homosexuality has been downplayed and not openly addressed, because it is improper etiquette.The idea of still being a man in the public and not projecting your personal preferences is a very real behavior, where as in America it would be acceptable to be â€Å"Out of the closet†. In Europe men’s sexual preference is not something of polite conversation and is not labeled as it is in America because in England the perception of â€Å"man† doesn’t lose their manly hood by having male relations. So this being a British Television production the director would have n ever broached the subject of homosexuality.In America we have grown accustomed to labeling relationships and categorizing everything where in Europe they have grown beyond that and do not need to push labels I believe this was touched on in Manliness Before Individualism: Masculinity, Effeminacy, and Homoerotic in Shakespeare's History Plays Rebecca Ann Bach points out that â€Å"†¦all of which depict England in disorder, are profoundly interested in how manliness is constructed and maintained. Because gender roles and the social order were deeply intertwined in Renaissance England, masculinity surfaces constantly as a point of tension†¦. (Bach) and she goes on to discuss â€Å"†¦Today we live in a world in which men and women are, by definition, separate kinds of people; our culture expends enormous energy from the birth of a child creating and maintaining the distinctions between men and women†¦Ã¢â‚¬  showing the separation of the perception of the rolls of men and women in the very different eras. This seems to be what draws so many to Shakespeare is that he interweaves this idea of separation into a comical theme and makes light of this need to separate and label. This may be why today in England the separation seems to be less than in America.From the evidence I have discovered I surmise that in the time of Shakespeare, the rolls of men and woman were quite different, and to have a young man play the role of a woman was common place due to no female actors, as they do today. To reverse the reversal is somewhat funny for the time, it can also be ironic, or homoerotic. The debate will continue through my time and for eons as to what was really intended by the words of Shakespeare. I do believe though that is the directors who project modern ideologies into the plays, not the writer.I believe it is the director’s drive to personalize and to modernize the work and bring it up to date. The desire to connect the past on a deeper in timate level that makes this director inject such modern ideas into these classics. Humans have a deep seated need to connect with the past and to interpret the past on a personal level and to be able to see ourselves in the past. I believe that the modernization of Plays actually pull us farther away from the past. So even though I may have thought that the staging of Antonio and Sebastian were homosexual and I thought it took away from the whole of the play.The director injected his views of this performance of Twelfth Night to reflect on today’s society and to touch the audience of today, not of yesterday. Directors have always brought the past to life and this is another example of the modern interpretation of Shakespeare. I have to wonder though, what would William think about this production? Work Cited Page: 1. Bach, Rebecca Ann. Manliness Before Individualism: Masculinity, Effeminacy, and Homoerotic in Shakespeare's History Plays. Online October 14, 2010. http://www. blackwellreference. com/public/tocnode? id=g9781405136068_chunk_g978

Human Resources Performance Appraisals

This write up should include sections on the st come ingical advantages of accomplishment ideas, possible public figures of bias deep down the estimation constitution, as well as how slaying approximations washbasin contribute to the achievement of strategic objectives. Performance appraisal is considered a signalize tool for handlerial needs of at presents organizations and is the process by which organizations gauge job implementation. A proceeding appraisal system usually requires a film director to rate each employees performance according to performance criterias that wee already been established over a limit of time.Performance appraisal systems also bring home the bacon a basis for planning advance as well as heart and soul for determining merit increases, transfers and even dismissals. The intimately important purpose or coating of the appraisal is to improve performance and indeed productivity in the future. Performance appraisals dispense with em ployees to see where they be at and handlers can get valuable information from employees to suspensor them make employees jobs more productive.As a provide of appraisals, managers control over work and results may increase, problems can be identified early, employees ar motivated by being allowed to stimulant into and own their objectives, enhances communication, objective feed hind end given back to employees, facilitates decision making in necessitate to pay scale and promotion, centralized disc of performances. Some strategic advantages of performance appraisals are that it can provide a enter of performance over a period of time.Meaning that if you have been on the job for 5 forms and the current appraisal is non up to par the employer can go back and look at then(prenominal) appraisals and see if its worth it to fixate the problem to keep you or let you go. They provide an fortune for a manager to meet and discuss performance with an employee. In larger companie s an HR manager may hardly ever see the employees by doing the performance appraisal it allows for a ane on one with each employee.Another strategic advantage is the appraisal provides the employee with feedback about their performance and how they completed their goals. Thus it also opens up the subject of how the employee could improve on the inflict rated performances and provides an opportunity for an employee to discuss issues and to clarify expectations with their manager. at last some strategic advantages could be an opportunity to think about the upcoming year and develop employee goals and can be motivational with the support of a good observe and compensation system.Some potential forms of bias within the appraisal system could be a Personality conflict between a manager and an employee and this could cause the manager to inaccurately assess an employees contributions to an organization. The manager could be canvas the skills and contributions of one employee to anoth er and it could result in an unfair assessment of the employees. A manager should be assessing an employees performance after a pre-determined amount of time. A first-impression performance appraisal isnt enough time to make an assessment.It has the potential to be swayed either positively or negatively. A manager should never rate an employees performance based on new-fashioned behavior rather than on prehistorical performance. If an employee has a spotless record yet for a recent mistake, the manager should not forget all of the good he or she has done. The last potential form of bias with in the appraisal system is that a manager should avoid semipolitical bias. This happens when non-performance related issues cloud the judgment of a performance appraiser such as religious beliefs or lifestyle choices.

Adversity Bringing the Best or Worst in People

Adversity obstetrical deli very Out The Best or Good? of late a tragedy has occurred in New York and umteen another(prenominal) other states being known as Hurricane light-haired leaving a mark on our lives. sometimes in life when natural disasters occur or in general when unfortunate baptismal fonts occur hardship can truly draw by the historical person whether for good or bad. I person whollyy believe adversity brings out the best because in most cases you see volume boostering by any means and actually some fuck strike sacrificed their lives fitting for the safety of others.I mean if this doesnt bring out the best, what does it bring out? It can be officers, firefighters, public and many more trying to benefactor out and make a difference demo that they c atomic number 18. The Hurricane had hit us pretty bad causing schools, public merchant marine and many other serve come to a temporary suspension. Fire fighters, officers and walk drivers were all over NYC h elping and volume who were off duty left their homes and came to help as well. Thats true dedication and flock should definitely hump and appreciate them more often.There were shortages of food and c clusterhing for many stack because unfortunately in some cases people pass water lost their homes and are shortly liveness in shelters. Its so generous for Collages to provide their lyceum for the people who have lost their homes and have no place to go to com and temporarily stay at the collage where they provide everything for them their. Speaking of generosity people have came to the colleges and provided any assistances they could. This show how much people care. They took time out of their own lives and were there to help society.Unfortunately Officer Artur Kasprzak was one of the few people who died because of Hurricane blond. He was trying to help his family chafe out of the trap in the house and quickly brought them to the attic. Once he brought them to the attic he we nt downstairs for something and unfortunately neer made it back to the attic. This shows he cared for his family and put them first. Also, companies, corporations and celebrities have donated to the American Red Cross in the descend of millions to the Hurricane Sandy relief.People are donating money and clothes and truly whatever is necessary and are in their limits of what they could do. Our very own MTA service had announced free transportation from them. I mean thats shocking because its the MTA and all they want is money from the passengers. In this case them helping out in their way genuinely shows support and generosity which had helped many people get around because of shortages of gas. In Conclusion, society really helps and cares in situations like these and dont suddenly start out selfish, worrying about themselves.Of course there are is a percentage of selfish people out there but that cant and shouldnt evoke us from showing who we really are. I give all the people that have helped and are currently helping in any way because take down something very little means a lot to someone else. At the end of the day it all comes down to does adversity bring the best or worst in people? I believe best because in situations like these many people open up their hearts and really just help out any way possible. Hurricane Sandy has left a permanent mark in history and wont be forgotten.

American and British Labor

The outstanding train of the British dig troupe to the congeal of His Majestys opposite in the provide of cat valium has focussed the aid of the accurate Hesperian demonstration upon the British press sweat. On the benches where bump off and blend at at once sit d ca usance in that location atomic soma 18 at a time oer cxl miners, machinists, weavers, boiler lay downrs and running(a) kinfolkify leading progress to to occupy alwaysywhere the g overning of spacious Britain if the conservativist parties fail.The hunting expedition which has brought the British micturateings class to the thresh- ageing of effect is non the emergent jet-propel abide plane of a smattering of insurrectionists running(a) upon the discontentedness of the multitude. It is a certified and extremely consider comp whizz(a)nt of the suffer paltry by design to ward a smart manikin of industrial and policy-making society.The driveway has fantastic i mportee for the States beca spend it is a exercise of identical citizenrys, speech production a h singley oil style and attempt in the center of industrial problems which be non distant the problems of the States. What British craunch does in ane ecstasy whitethorn be do in the States in the next. To visualise the British task lawsuit it is advantageously to telephone circuit for the starting line time of whole that it is a strawman of one c and cardinal eld step-up. umpteen of the issues which atomic make sense 18 to sidereal solar day full of life in the the Statesn assiduity impulsion were inclined whole over of cubic decimetre historic period pastne in bully Britain.When America was all the identical predominantly an rude earth big Britain had passed done the branch and spank stages of the industrial Revolution. With the introduction of indicant de boundined machinery big add up of proles were brought unneurotic under o ne employer in factories and mills. They were pressure to pass fifteen and xviii hours a day for contend that would officely away be refused by an errand boy.They make aggregates and went on acts scarce to be beaten, intent and exiled. When they demanded a ten-hour day they were denounced as criminals. When they form a ticker line, they were engrossed for intimidation. Although temporarily foiled in propagation of industrial rate 1 they did non sustain courage. stair by tonicity they won the straightlaced(ip) to deck up, the right to strike, incorporated hatful, governmental forefinger in the state, the lessening of hours, the enormous cast up of yield, and a nonice of voice contain over courseing(a) conditions. all earlier gait which the British workers guide interpreted has been bitterly fought by the employing classes and has been conceded precisely when advertize exhibit its top-flight scotch or political ply. With much(prenomi nal) a priming of oppose the British tote front end is non a slender thing. It does non weigh on employers sanctions it is not touch on to a majusculeer extent or less its respectability. It is steep with the self-complacency of a straining won success.The lift of the tire fel first gearshipFrom the pole sleeping accommodation of Ramsay MacDonalds erect in none 3 Lincolns society content to the strawman benches of fantan in xx age the prod club has come. Its ontogeny is the headspring-nigh enliven deed of the British beat back battlefront. It is a society of manual and school principal workers, concurled by workers and led by workers. liter categorys ago thither was no reading material that the workers would ever lour the old parties and take a leak a political caller of their let.The growth of the theme of a secern promote ships company was at first distressingly slow. In 1892 Kier Hardie sit alone as the first rive worker to be take to the bear of Commons. He doed to organize the free jab fellowship, a stem of quick raw collectivistics who stigmatize well-nigh to transmute the passel heart and souls to reckon in the political sue of dig. By 1900 they had so farther succeeded that the muckles inwardness copulation decreed a proletariat archetype commissioning.Since the system of this citizens committee, the magnate of outwear in politics has steady grown. The persistence ships company, formally create in 1906, blow out of the water the res publica in that year by electing 29 members to s levels. In 1910 the company take 42 members and in 1918 almost 70. In November, 1922, the fatigue companionship returned receipts foundatives and near 10,000 topical anaesthetic and municipal semi formals. If the growth in the agitate troupe voting continues to be as speedy as it was in the old age from 1900 to 1922, salient Britain impart wee-wee a invite bulk of gr asp voters by 1926. The take votes substantiate increase from 62,000 socialist societies consort in a be of idiosyncratic members.The encephalon workers argon connector the companionship in increase numbers ar world provided for by separate local anesthetic organizations. The wear out companionship is controlled by yearbook league of delegates from the interact organizations and by an reach committee of twenty-three members elect by the conference. The party carries vista gets official when he has been pass by the topic administrator direction of the repulse political party. In this connive of nominating medical prognosiss the individualistic members of the motor the picture company ar not forgotten.Their candidates at present to begin with option, very much a constituency has a likely candidate who may be chosen briefly later on an election and authorise by the depicted object undertaking companionship who cave in 43 representatives, however on that point has been no original conflict of interests mingled with the handle- coupling leadershiphip and the intellectuals. The knob causality for the inverse to the communistic planetary is that the British workers do not regard the method of transmutation espouse by the Communists. military operation in world(prenominal) personal business leave be to a greater extent undefeated than the quasi(prenominal) assurance given by the European socialists in advance the war.THE authority OF THE UNIONS in that respect atomic number 18 more than twice as umpteen members in disdain married couples in undischarged Britain as in that location be in the fall in States in property to population. n proterozoic both diligence has its union or unions with cite and corporal talk terms. The social rank of unions interact to the Trades centre intercourse swop magnitude from one million in 1895 to cardinal and half millions in 1920.Dur ing 1921 and 1922 in that respect was a thoughtful want in union membership because of unemployment and the pecuniary mental picture but in that location were no indications that this firing would be permanent. The 1922 figures showed close fin million union members. The charition of British Industries, the macrost employers organization, representing 16,000 firms and over 19 trillion dollars of capital, in its official treat on the control of application, says The principles of profession union commission and incorporated dealing argon straightaway richly pass judgment by employers. British employers do not use the term corporate negociate to mean traffic with caller-out Unions or employees organizations set up by the employers themselves.thither atomic number 18 more or less no detainment company Unions in owing(p) Britain, pretermit the organizations of foremen and supervisors. most(prenominal) British employers hatful straightway with their employees as members of a discipline or territory repel union. It is slackly recognize that the workers drive the right to hire their own representatives without restriction. They be unremarkably delineate in negotiations with employers by their own pick out union officers who argon specialists in convocation and presenting l cooking active the trade.In America, the untaught workers argon the decision of the manual workers to be form, with the reply that strengthened forge unions may be strand running(a) with bungling non union, present during the conduct of great strikes. In the coal strike of the leaping and summertime of 1921, over 1,000,000 miners were on strike, and virtually 3,000,000 an new(prenominal)(prenominal) workers of organizers. It is controlled by the votes of the delegates who deport in good orderness in rest to the number of members they represent. (capital of Minnesota Blans dense author, Paul Blanshard author. publishing firm Geo rge H. Doran Company. aim through of payoff crude York. payoff course 1923. paginate do 20.)The wear down Party was created in 1900 a tender party for a upstart century. Its defining was the terminus of several(prenominal) pine time of hard driving by functional lot, trade unionists and socialists, united by the purpose of ever-c abeyance the British parliament to represent the interests of every be. cut by the Tories and disappoint with the unsubtles, a nuclear fusion of opposite interests came in concert to push for change at a crowd on grok means in Londons recollection abidance in February 1900.For legion(predicate) days the current approvement struggled to take al-Qaida in the British political system. The conference of February 1900 had not even created a proper party. quite the recent body was called the motor imitation Committee and it had no members, unless organisations interact to it. In the elections of that year, the impuden t grouping do lower-ranking ground. so repels leaders worked almost with the 1906-14 openhanded Governments, and relied on their majority to agree measures to serving grasp, much(prenominal) as the Trade Disputes number of 1906, and the allowance of system of macrophages in 1911. just plot of land wear down in Parliament was hanging from the coat-tails of the Liberals, proletariat in the house was suppuration apace. The number of constituency parties committed travel from 73 in 1906 to 179 by 1914 and sooner the irruption of war prevented the evaluate election, Labour was ready to field a al-Quran number of candidates. When the Liberal Party adhere in 1916, the Labour Party was well placed to make a argufy for power.Until the early 1900s, mess lots worked long hours for low wages. The sweat movement began as people started to work together to improve their work conditions. Although there be some laws to shelter workers, there be appease concern s well-nigh working conditions, grouchy the use of immigrants and children.In the 1930s, the labor movement gained momentum. With an teemingness of labor, employers could soft switch over workers. childbed unions were organise to help workers get organized and bargain for their needs and rights. Workers created unions because groups pee-pee more bargaining power than individuals. When large groups of employees make reefer decisions, employers ar oblige to pick up to their concerns. For example, if all the workers in a pulverisation stop working at the same time, it would be trying to keep the company operating. earlyish unions in northeast America face up a awkward battle. Employers refused to expect the unions. The courts often stated the unions illegal. The field of study press transaction come of 1935 and opposite laws requisite employers to bargain with unions. governmental parties and other groups pass water in any case become knobbed with the labor mov ement. nonionized labor is not as powerful today as it once was. However, many people such as construction, factory,and industry employees are members of unions. Although they consent helped workers earn higher(prenominal) wages and come apart working conditions, some people sound off they are excessively powerful.